French Colonial
French Colonial architecture is characterized by a raised one story house.
What Is French Colonial?
French Colonial was one of four domestic architectural styles that developed during the colonial period in what would become the United States.
French Colonial architecture developed alongside:
- British Colonial Architecture(Most Common)
- Dutch Colonial Architecture
- Spanish Colonial Architecture
During the colonial period, American colonists were a mix of nationalists, with most originally hailing from Britain, pockets of Dutch, Spanish, and French mingled throughout the colonies. Because of its origins as a cultural melting pot, many different sources of inspiration affected colonial architecture styles.
These early styles of architecture can still be seen throughout neighborhoods all across the United States, and continue to influence home architecture and designs into today.
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French Colonial Characteristics
French Colonial style of architecture is usually signified by a raised one-story house with many narrow door and window openings complemented by paired shutters.
French Colonial style homes typically feature: a steeply pitched roof, either hipped or side-gabled, and walls of stucco, commonly over a half-timbered frame.
Exterior stairs were another common element; the stairs would often climb up to a distinctive, full-length porch, on a home’s front facade.
French Colonial Moldings & Millwork
French Colonial style moldings are usually derived from simple boards and can feature quirk and bead flourishes.
This makes French colonial moldings versatile – a large contributing factor to their continued popularity today.
In more complex examples of French colonial millwork, intricate shapes like coves, quarter-rounds, ogees, and ovolos are used as embellishment.
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History of French Colonial
French Colonial architecture originated during the early seventeenth century as France established colonies throughout North America, particularly along the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River Valley, and the Gulf Coast. Driven by the fur trade, missionary endeavors, and territorial expansion, French settlers founded communities including Québec, Detroit, Mobile, and New Orleans, where architecture developed alongside an extensive network of rivers, trading posts, and mission settlements that connected the vast territories of New France. As these communities prospered, their buildings reflected the practical demands of frontier settlement while preserving the enduring cultural traditions of the French homeland.
Throughout the eighteenth century, French Colonial architecture flourished across New France and French Louisiana, becoming one of the foremost colonial architectural traditions in North America. Although France relinquished much of its colonial territory following the Seven Years’ War, French communities steadfastly preserved their language, customs, and architectural traditions under subsequent British and Spanish rule. This remarkable cultural continuity enabled French Colonial architecture to persist well beyond the colonial era, establishing a lasting architectural legacy throughout Canada, the Great Lakes region, and the lower Mississippi River Valley that continues to enrich historic communities today.
